Observatório Bíblico

FAGAN, B. M. ; DURRANI, N. Archaeology: A Brief Introduction. 12. ed. Abingdon: Routledge, 2016, 424 p. – ISBN  9781138190313.

Archaeology is a jargon-free and accessible introduction to the field which details how archaeologists study the human past in all its fascinating diversity. Now in its twelfth edition, this classic textbook has been updated to reflect the latest research and new findings in the field. Reflecting the global scope of the discipline, the book has a truly international coverage of important discoveries and sites from many corners of the globe. Individual chapters examine archaeology and its history, considering the role of the archaeologist and how they discover, investigate and classify sites and artifacts. This journey through archaeology also includes a discussion of important individuals and groups, and some of the ways in which archaeologists attempt to explain major social and cultural changes in the remote past. Archaeology ends with an outline of the complex world of cultural resource management and gives invaluable advice on how to become an archaeologist. Richly illustrated throughout, this popular and engaging textbook on archaeological methods has introduced generations of students to the captivating world of archaeology.

Este é um clássico, já na 12ª edição.  Veja também o post anterior.

Leia Mais:
Histórias do Antigo Oriente Médio: uma bibliografia

FAGAN, B. M. ; DURRANI, N. A Brief History of Archaeology: Classical Times to the Twenty-First Century. 2. ed. Abingdon: Routledge, 2016, 302 p. – ISBN 9781138657076.

This short account of the discipline of archaeology tells of spectacular discoveries and the colorful lives of the archaeologists who made them, as well as of changing theories and current debates in the field. Spanning over two thousand years of history, the book details early digs as well as covering the development of archaeology as a multidisciplinary science, the modernization of meticulous excavation methods during the twentieth century, and the important discoveries that led to new ideas about the evolution of human societies. Brian Murray Fagan (born 1936) is a British prolific author of popular archaeology books and a professor emeritus of Anthropology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA. Nadia Durrani is a Cambridge University-trained archaeologist and writer, with a PhD from University College, London, in Arabian archaeology. She is former editor of Britain’s best-selling archaeology magazine, Current World Archaeology and has authored and edited many articles and books on archaeology from every corner of the globe.

Leia Mais:
Histórias do Antigo Oriente Médio: uma bibliografia

CLINE, E. H. Three Stones Make a Wall: The Story of Archaeology.  Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2017, 480 p. – ISBN 9780691166407.

Written by Eric Cline, an archaeologist with more than thirty seasons of excavation experience, Three Stones Make a Wall traces the history of archaeology from an amateur pursuit to the cutting-edge science it is today by taking the reader on a tour of major archaeological sites and discoveries, from Pompeii to Petra, Troy to the Terracotta Warriors, and Mycenae to Megiddo and Masada. Cline brings to life the personalities behind these digs, including Heinrich Schliemann, the former businessman who excavated Troy, and Mary Leakey, whose discoveries advanced our understanding of human origins. The discovery of the peoples and civilizations of the past is presented in vivid detail, from the Hittites and Minoans to the Inca, Aztec, and Moche. Along the way, the book addresses the questions archaeologists are asked most often: How do you know where to dig? How are excavations actually done? How do you know how old something is? Who gets to keep what is found? Eric H. Cline (born 1960) is Professor of Classics and Anthropology and Director of the Capitol Archaeological Institute at George Washington University, USA.  Cf. Escavando Meguido.

Leia Mais:
Histórias do Antigo Oriente Médio: uma bibliografia
Sugestões de livros para iniciar os estudos em Arqueologia

BAHN, P. Archaeology: A Very Short Introduction. 2. ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012, 136 p. – ISBN  9780199657438.

This entertaining Very Short Introduction reflects the enduring popularity of archaeology – a subject which appeals as a pastime, career, and academic discipline, encompasses the whole globe, and surveys 2.5 million years. From deserts to jungles, from deep caves to mountain tops, from pebble tools to satellite photographs, from excavation to abstract theory, archaeology interacts with nearly every other discipline in its attempts to reconstruct the past. In this new edition, Paul Bahn brings the text up to date, including information about new discoveries and interpretations in the field, and highlighting the impact of developments such as the potential use of DNA and stable isotopes in teeth, as well the effect technology and science are having on archaeological exploration. Paul Bahn is a freelance writer, translator, and broadcaster in archaeology.

Este livro é uma boa introdução para quem quer saber um pouco mais sobre o assunto, mesmo que não tenha interesse em estudar arqueologia.

Leia Mais:
Histórias do Antigo Oriente Médio: uma bibliografia
Sugestões de livros para iniciar os estudos em Arqueologia

GAMBLE, C. Archaeology: The Basics. 3. ed. Abingdon: Routledge, 2015, 306 p. – ISBN 9780415694834.

This book answers key questions about how and why we practice archaeology and examines the theories and themes underpinning the subject. Fully updated, this new edition includes a wide range of examples and new material on key growth areas including evolutionary approaches in current archaeology, the archaeology of landscape and place, the impact and value of archaeology, conflict archaeology and the politics of the past. This text is essential reading for all those beginning to study archaeology and anyone who has ever questioned the past. Clive Gamble (born 1951) is a Professor of Archaeology at University of Southampton, UK.

Este livro responde a perguntas-chave sobre como e por que praticamos a arqueologia e examina as teorias e os temas subjacentes ao assunto. Indicado para iniciantes.

 
Sumário

What is archaeology?

How many archaeologies are there?

Basic concepts

People

Objects

Time and space

Change and stasis

Identity and power

Leia Mais:
Histórias do Antigo Oriente Médio: uma bibliografia
Sugestões de livros para iniciar os estudos em Arqueologia

FIENSY, D. A. Insights from Archaeology. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2017, 160 p. – ISBN 9781506400143
 

Archaeological exploration of Syria-Palestine and the ancient Near East has revolutionized our understanding of the Bible. David A. Fiensy describes how key archaeological discoveries have opened up new understandings of Israels own history and religion as well as the ancient Near Eastern and later Greco-Roman environments. He discusses the impact these discoveries have had on biblical studies, theology, and the task of biblical interpretation. The challenges for the future of archaeology and biblical study will be explored. Part of the series, Reading the Bible in the 21st Century: Insights.

A exploração arqueológica da Síria-Palestina e do Antigo Oriente Médio revolucionou nossa compreensão da Bíblia. David A. Fiensy descreve como descobertas arqueológicas importantes possibilitaram novas compreensões da história e da religião de Israel, bem como do mundo greco-romano e do Antigo Oriente Médio. Ele discute o impacto dessas descobertas sobre os estudos bíblicos e a teologia. Os desafios para o futuro da arqueologia e dos estudos bíblicos serão explorados. O livro faz parte da série, Reading the Bible in the 21st Century: Insights.

Sobre isso, leia o artigo de David A. Fiensy em The Bible and Interpretation, publicado em abril de 2017:

What Do Old, Dirty, Broken Pieces Of Pottery Have To Do With The Bible?

Onde ele diz, entre outras coisas:

… archaeology can be exciting if the excitement is about the people whose lives we come to know through the remains. If you expect to see your picture in the New York Times standing with a serious and scholarly expression on your face, surrounded by smiling “locals,” while you modestly point toward your sensational discovery under the screaming headlines: “HOW I FOUND THE ARK OF THE COVENANT!”—you may want to explore another career or at least another venue for your career. That will almost never happen in Israel.

If, however, meeting ancient folk through “their stuff” excites you, you might want to consider archaeology as a career or hobby. If you can hold a broken cooking pot, reflect on the ancient hands that fashioned it from wet clay, imagine the persons that handled the pot repeatedly to cook meals, and finally picture in your mind’s eye the many hands—large and small—that dipped into the pot to eat, then you will love archaeology. The artifacts tell us about the people who used them. That is where the “excitement” lies.

This is what my new book, Insights from Archaeology, is about (Fortress Press, due out in August of this year). It is about what life was like for the common person in both the Old Testament and New Testament periods. These are the persons who wrote nothing. They never visited the royal palace, never conquered foreign foes, and did not leave behind monumental landmarks. So, how did they live? What was their daily life like? What sort of houses did they inhabit? How did they interact with one another in community? Were they happy?

Some of these questions (“Were they happy?”) cannot be answered, at least not by archaeology. One can only guess. But we can make inroads into answering the others. We will in this monograph use not just archaeology and the biblical text but cultural anthropology as well. Answering some of these questions may not be as sensational for some readers as were the previous generations’ archaeological finds, but the answers get us to the real-life situations for most people of the ancient Israelite world, the world of the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament.